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1992-05-16
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8
DS/1000-IV Technical Data
For HP 1000 Computers Product Number 91750A
Distributed Systems/1000-IV (DS/1000-IV) provides an integrated set of
high-level network facilities and procedures for HP 1000
A-Series Computer Systems. These facilities and procedures support
network resource sharing, remote database access, distributed data file
management, communication between application programs, and the
coordinated distribution of processor workloads to other HP 1000
Computer Systems in the network and/or to HP 3000 Systems with DS/3000.
The Network Transports
o Generalized Architecture with network-wide nodal addressing and
store-and-forward capabilities
o Dynamic Rerouting between HP 1000 systems to bypass a "down" node or
network link
o Transparent Message Accounting, which guarantees delivery of each
message once and only once
The Network Links
o Communication with other HP 1000 nodes over HDLC links (hardwired or
modem) or over X.25/1000
o Communication with HP 3000 nodes with DS/3000 or over X.25/1000
o DS/1000-IV modem interface cards with V.28 standard support for Europe
The Network Services and Features
o Remote command processing (REMAT) between DS/1000-IV network nodes
o Program-to-Program (PTOP) data exchange and control between DS/1000-IV
nodes and between a DS/1000-IV node and a DS/3000 node in the network
o Remote RTE EXEC calls through DEXEC calls
o Remote I/O Mapping to direct device I/O to or from a device on any
DS/1000-IV node
o Remote File Access (RFA) and transfer between a DS/1000-IV node and a
neighboring DS/3000 node
o Remote access to IMAGE/1000 databases via REMAT or programmatically
o Remote command processing between a DS/1000-IV node and a neighboring
DS/3000 node
Other Features
o Network transaction logging to analyze network problems
o Support for memory-based RTE-A nodes
o Support for forced cold load and remote VCP access (HDLC only)
DS/1000-IV Network Features
Generalized Architecture
Within a network of HP 1000 systems, each system is assigned a unique
node identification number by the user. Remote operator commands and
user program requests reference the node number of the node.
Nodal addressing with the store-and-forward capability establishes a
single communication path between two nodes whether there is a direct
connection or not. However, store-and-forward to or through an HP 3000
system is not supported.
Dynamic Message Rerouting
(DS/1000-IV-to-DS/1000-IV)
9
In a network with alternate communication paths, DS/1000-IV supports
dynamic rerouting of messages that are blocked by failure of a node or
communications link. When a node or link failure is detected, the
dynamic message rerouting software attempts to locate and set up an
alternate communication path. If no alternate path exists, an error
message is sent to the user. When the "down" communications path is
brought back up, the original message routing is automatically restored.
Dynamic message rerouting can be omitted from network nodes that cannot
take advantage of it to minimize memory requirements.
Transparent Message Accounting
(DS/1000-IV-to-DS/1000-IV)
In various applications such as process control, order processing, and
stock reordering, it is critically important that each message is
received once and only once by the user-level task to which it is
directed. DS/1000-IV provides this assurance by setting up an end-to-end
protocol that both prevents duplication of messages and retransmits
messages lost due to severe line failure. In addition, the message
accounting function makes channel status information available to the
user. Because the message accounting function is optional, it can be
used selectively for only those channels that require maximum
reliability. This also could minimize memory requirements and CPU
overhead for nodes in the network.
DS/1000-IV Communication Over X.25 Packet Switched Networks
DS/1000-IV can be utilized over public or private X.25 Packet Switched
Networks. This connection to X.25 networks provides:
o Potential communications costs savings with X.25 connections (costs
are proportional to the volume of data transmitted)
o Increased communications reliability inherent in X.25 Public Packet
Switched Networks
o Increased network flexibility with fewer connections required for
geographically dispersed networks
o Communication with HP 3000 systems connected via DS/3000 and X.25/3000
to X.25 networks
All DS/1000-IV features (except A-Series remote front panel, system
download, and forced cold load) are supported over X.25 Packet Switched
Network connections. The same DS/1000-IV user interface is maintained
for all DS/1000-IV connections including point-to-point and X.25 Packet
Switched Networks. This stable and common user interface allows programs
to be written independent of network topology and particular transport
layer utilized.
For operation of DS/1000-IV over X.25 Packet Switched Networks, the
X.25/1000 Communicaton Software product (91751A) must also be purchased.
X.25 is not bundled with 91750A DS/1000-IV. For more information on
X.25/1000, refer to the 91751A data sheet.
Remote Command Processing, REMAT
(DS/1000-IV-to-DS/1000-IV)
DS/1000-IV remote command processing feature makes it possible for a
user at a local terminal to interactively access any HP 1000 system in
the DS/1000-IV network via the nodal addressing and store-and-forward
capabilities of DS/1000-IV. The local operator can use the entire RTE
10
command set of the remote node as well as special network-oriented
commands provided by REMAT, the DS/1000-IV remote command processor.
Remote Command Processing via the RMOTE Virtual Terminal Capability
(DS/1000-IV-to-DS/3000)
The operator at an HP 1000 system can log on remotely to an HP 3000
system using RMOTE. The operator can then execute local HP 3000 MPE
commands. The HP 1000 system thereby becomes a virtual HP 3000 terminal,
gaining access to facilities, such as COBOL and QUERY/3000.
Remote Command Processing
(DS/3000-to-DS/1000-IV)
An operator at an HP 3000 system using DS/3000 DSLINE or REMOTE commands
can execute any RTE system command. This feature supports control of an
unattended HP 1000 satellite system.
Program-to-Program Data Exchange, PTOP
(DS/1000-IV-to-DS/1000-IV and DS/1000-IV-to-DS/3000)
Using high-level distributed system calls, a program at a DS/1000-IV
node can initiate a data exchange with another program at a remote
DS/1000-IV node or remote DS/3000 node. A program at the DS/3000 node
can also initiate the PTOP exchange. Multiple PTOP exchanges can be
active on the same network connection concurrently. In DS/1000-IV nodes,
one program can communicate with more than one remote node concurrently.
In addition, PTOP intrinsics can be used to access and transfer records
from remote IMAGE/3000 databases.
Remote RTE EXEC Calls, DEXEC
DS/1000-IV and DS/3000 programs can make EXEC calls to the RTE system at
a remote DS/1000-IV node using DEXEC calls.
Remote I/O Mapping
(DS/1000-IV-to-DS/1000-IV)
Remote I/O mapping is used in DS/1000-IV networks to transparently map
any local unit record device to another unit record device anywhere in
the network. In this way, messages that would normally be exchanged with
a local terminal, printer, or magnetic tape unit can instead be
exchanged with a similar device on another node. This can reduce overall
network hardware and programming costs. Along with the forced cold load
capability of HP 1000 computers, this enables unattended operation.
Remote File Access, RFA
(DS/1000-IV-to-DS/1000-IV and DS/1000-IV-to-DS/3000)
High-level DS/1000-IV calls, analogous to standard RTE FMP or FS/3000
calls, can be used in HP 1000 or HP 3000 programs to define, access,
control, and query the status of named files in a remote DS/1000-IV or
DS/3000 node.
In addition, standard FMP calls are able to access remote files as
though they were local (File Transparency). This means that any
application using the standard FMP file access calls can access files on
a remote HP 1000 system.
Remote Database Access
(DS/1000-IV-to-DS/1000-IV)
11
Remote QUERY access makes it possible for an operator to interactively
access data in a 92069A IMAGE/1000 or 92081A IMAGE/1000-II database in a
remote HP 1000 System. Command mnemonics and parameters are the same in
remote or local access. The one exception is the RU, QUERY request
issued from REMAT in the local system to the remote system. Remote
access from programs is accomplished with similar ease and programs can
access both 92069A and 92081A databases.
Network Transaction Logging
(DS/1000-IV-to-DS/1000-IV and DS/1000-IV-to-DS/3000)
Transaction logging provides a powerful tool for analyzing and
optimizing network traffic and isolating communications link faults.
With this facility enabled, all message request and reply buffers are
logged on disk or magnetic tape. This includes transactions between the
local DS/1000-IV node and remote DS/1000-IV nodes and/or remote DS/3000
nodes.
Remote VCP Access (HDLC Only)
DS/1000-IV includes two programs that work through the 12007A/B or
12044A A-Series HDLC interface in a neighboring A-Series network node to
give remote access to the Virtual Control Panel (VCP) program and also
to monitor and display messages from the VCP program. With this
capability, the remote operator can examine and change the contents of
registers and memory locations, control execution of diagnostics and
other programs, and select a bootstrap loader and initiate the boot of
the neighboring A-Series System. Remote VCP access cannot take advantage
of the store-and-forward capability of DS/1000-IV. For this reason,
remote VCP access can only be from neighboring DS/1000-IV network nodes.
Remote DS/1000-IV Node System Generation
RTE-A or RTE-6/VM operating systems can be generated at a single
DS/1000-IV node and distributed using REMAT and loaded locally. The same
generation file can be sent to several RTE-A or RTE-6/VM nodes to be
switched and if necessary, a slow boot can be performed. With disk-based
RTE-A nodes, the generation file can be sent to the system disk using
REMAT and later loaded from the local file. For memory-based RTE-A
nodes, the generation file can be sent to a neighboring disk-based node
and stored for later loading into the memory-based node. The generation
file can also be downloaded from a nonadjacent node by using the
store-and-forward capability of DS/1000-IV.
Remote DS/1000-IV Node Program Development
Program development for an entire DS/1000-IV network of HP 1000 systems
can be accomplished at a single DS/1000-IV node. Programs can be
developed on-line, relocated off-line, and loaded on-line to other RTE-A
or RTE-6/VM nodes by operator command or program call.
Network Utilities
(DS/1000-IV-to-DS/1000-IV)
Network utilities provide single-call programming for such network tasks
as sending messages to remote DS/1000-IV nodes, retrieving local node
numbers, copying files, and retrieving DS execution errors.
Remote Sessions Under RTE-6/VM
12
Remote access to a DS/1000-IV node with RTE-6/VM and Session Monitor is
possible with the same control as a local session. Session Monitor
access control requires all users, including remote users, to log on
under a predefined user name with specific capabilities given by the
system manager. All RFA, DEXEC, PTOP, and operator command access to a
remote RTE-6/VM Session Monitor node thus requires a prior logon. REMAT
commands are supported and can be used to remotely perform various
program development and program testing tasks, or to remotely run
applications. Because remote session commands are not supported, and
because there is no REMAT-type support in DS/3000, HP 3000 virtual
terminal access to a remote HP 1000 session is not supported.
Hardware Interfaces
Point-to-Point Communication
The 12825A and 12044A (direct connect) and 12007A/B and 12794A/B (modem)
interfaces using HDLC protocol provide HP 1000 to HP 1000 connections.
The HP 12793A/B and 12073A (modem) or 12834A and 12082A (direct connect)
interfaces using binary synchronous protocol (BISYNC) to provide HP 1000
to HP 3000 connections.
The 12771A or 12773A interfaces provide direct connect or modem
connections for backward compatibility to older 91740A (DS/1000) nodes.
X.25 Communication
The 12250A and 12075A interfaces provide LAP-B modem connection to X.25
Packet Switched Networks.
V.28 Standard Support for Modem Interfaces
All DS/1000-IV modem interfaces support the V.28 electrical signal
interface standard for leased-line communications as specified by
European PTTs. The V.28 compatible interfaces are as follows:
A-Series
o 12075A X.25/1000 interface
o 12007B DS/1000-DS/1000 interface
Software Requirements
All software must be at the most current version.
o RTE-6/VM (92084A) for an E/F-Series Computer
o RTE-A (92077A) for an A-Series Computer
o IMAGE/1000 (92069A or 92081A) if the remote database access feature is
used
Memory Requirements for RTE-A Memory-Based Node
o RTE-A memory-based operating system
o A minimum of 256 Kbytes of memory
o An additional 256 Kbytes of memory for complete DS/1000-IV
functionality
o A recommended amount of 512 Kbytes total for an RTE-A system with
complete DS/1000-IV functionality
Memory Requirements for RTE-A Disk-Based Node
o RTE-A disk-based operating system
o A minimum of 90 Kbytes of memory
13
o An additional 100 Kbytes of memory for complete DS/1000-IV
functionality
o A recommended amount of 256 Kbytes total for an RTE-A system with
complete DS/1000-IV functionality
Memory Requirements for RTE-6/VM Node
o RTE-6/VM operating system
o A minimum of 110 Kbytes of memory
o A minimum of 120 Kbytes of memory with rerouting and message
accounting
o A recommended amount of 256, 384, or 512 Kbytes total for an RTE-6/VM
system with complete DS/1000-IV functionality; the amount depends upon
how many DS/1000-IV programs reside in their partitions at the same
time and how much swap and network response time needs to be minimized
Installation
Customer Responsibility
Customers purchasing DS/1000-IV must assume the following
responsibilities. HP can provide expert assistance in all areas, but
this is not part of the 91750A/R product.
o Install communication facilities (cables, modems, etc.) and their
connection to the HP 1000 computer and establish successful
communications between the HP 1000 and other computers on the network.
o One person in the customer's organization must be designated as the
Network Manager. This person will assume responsibility for
configuration and generation of the customer's systems, and will serve
as a focal point for Hewlett-Packard's support of the network.
o DS/1000-IV is a customer-installed product unless it is ordered with
an HP 1000 system.
o Hewlett-Packard strongly recommends that the customer purchase Account
Management Support (AMS) or Response Center Support (RCS) for
DS/1000-IV and related hardware and software products.
Ordering Information
The first copy of DS/1000-IV must be 91750A. One processor option and
one media option must be specified. Additional licenses for use of
DS/1000-IV should be ordered as 91750R. Only a processor feature code
should be specified, as the "R" copy does not include media. The "R"
copy does include documentation. The "A" copy must always be ordered for
(or upgraded to) the most powerful HP 1000 that DS/1000-IV will be used
on.
91750A DS/1000-IV
Right-to-Use
91750R DS/1000-IV
Right-to-Copy
022 CS/80 Cartridge
Tape Media
041 8-inch Flexible Disk
050 800 bpi, 9-track Magnetic Tape Media
051 1600 bpi, 9-track Magnetic Tape Media
AAH DAT Tape Media
400 Use in A400 Computer
401 Update to latest version, A400
14
600 Use in A600 Computer
601 Update to latest version, A600
700 Use in A700 Computer
701 Update to latest version, A700
890 Use in A900 Computer
891 Update to latest version, A900
894 Upgrade from A400 to A900
896 Upgrade from A600 to A900
897 Upgrade from A700 to A900
990 Use in A990 Computer
991 Update to latest version, A990
994 Upgrade from A400 to A990
996 Upgrade from A600 to A990
997 Upgrade from A700 to A990
998 Upgrade from A900 to A990
001 For 91750R:
Discount for Right-to-Copy 91750A+001 product or 91750T/S updates for
customer who has previously purchased a 91750R product
Upgrade credits are only applicable when purchasing a license for
DS/1000-IV on a larger HP 1000.
Both the 91750A and 91750R include the 91750-80007 Communications
Bootstrap Loader (CBL) ROM and manuals. The manuals are listed under
"Documentation" below.
Documentation
The following manuals are included in 91750A/R:
91750-90006 DS/1000-IV Communications Bootstrap Loader Installation
Manual
91750-90012 DS/1000-IV User's Manual for RTE-A and RTE-6/VM
91750-90013 DS/1000-IV Generation and Initialization Manual for RTE-A
and RTE-6/VM
91750-90014 DS/1000-IV Theory of Operation and Troubleshooting Manual
for RTE-A and RTE-6/VM
91750-90015 DS/1000-IV Quick Reference Guide for RTE-A and RTE-6/VM
Support Products
91790A+S00 Software Materials Subscription (SMS)
91790A+W00 Extended Software Materials Subscription (EMS)
Response Center Support (RCS) and AMS (Account Management Support)
customers also need to order or have the appropriate Data Communications
Category support.
DS/1000-IV on Older HP 1000 E/F-Series Computers
The current revision Base Set Instruction ROMS are required on HP 1000
E/F-Series computers shipped prior to November 1, 1980 with a serial
prefix of 2043 or less. These ROMS are necessary for proper operation of
the remote Forced Cold Load feature after a system halt over a
DS/1000-IV line. These ROMS are available as the following products:
E-Series Base Set Instructions 12728H
15
F-Series Base Set Instructions 12728K
From HP Networking Communications Specification Guide,
5091-3821E, 9205, p 490
Associated files:
DS/1000-IV Technical Data